Improvement in heating metallurgic and other furnaces



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SETTS.

Letters Patent No. 109,785. dated November 29, 1870. I

mPRo /EM ENT IN HEATING NiETALLu eic AND OTHER FURNACES.

I The Schedule referred. to at these Letters Patent and making paste! the lame.

To all-whom it may concern,

Be it known that we, J Antics 1); WrinLrLnY and JACOBJ. STORER, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have made a new and useful Improvement in Heating Metallurgic and other Furnaces; and we hereby declare the following to be a full and exac'tdcscription of the same.

'Iu patent No. 53,208, dated March 13, 1866, reissue No. 3,857, datcd March 1, 1870,wc have described methods and apparatus for preparing and using pul-' verized fuel in all the usual forms of furnaces. While .there had been several prior attempts to use such fuel they all proved unsuccessful in practice, as is well known to metallnrgistsand engineers.

- In 'patent'No. 101,067, dated March 22, 1870, we,

have describedsuch additional improvements as to better adapt our methods and apparatus to puddling,

heating, and reverb'eratory furnaces; q

In patent No. 103,095, dated May'Sl, 1870, we have described still further improvements, especially hat of introducing the fuel at different parts of the furnace, as required to produce a more perfect courbustion, and-to secure a uniform heat in all parts of the furnace. By the application of the methods and appaiatus described and referred to in these three patents above mentioned, pulverized fuel-is made available for all the common metalhn'glc operations of melting, heating, and paddling, and for. generating.

steam-heating air and the like. In order to obtain better results in the meet pulverized fuel' we have made the following additional improvcmcuts l irst, heretofore it has always been deetncd'essew tial to combine with the furnace in which 7 pulverized fuel was used a firebox for lump tor fordinary fuel. This was required to give the furnace a preliminary heating, so that the pulverized fuel would ignite-as soon as introduced and also to kee u the combustion'of the same. The use )t' such fire-box is, however,.objcctionable,'for'the reason that it is necessary .from'tilne to time to add fresh coal, which checksor.

varies the combustion, and also lets in cold air, which changes the character of thc'flamo. The. workmen are also in the habit of piling the fire-box so full of lump fuel as to choke the entrance of the pulverized fur-l. These objections we overcome by combining a 'gasgenerator with a furnace burning pulverized fuel.

Any of the known forms of gas-generator maybe used, such as the ordinary furnace for generating car-' bonic oxide, the Siemens gassgencrator the furnace for general tin g water-gas or the, generator for coahgaa, such gas-generators, being well known and forming no part of our invention, neednot-be described.

In practice, we find that a good gas-generator is a brick box, square, circular, or any convenient shape,

.set at the end of the furnace under the supply of .pul-

' like all others of its kind, is furnished with grate-bars at the bottom, upon which refuse or luu p -coal p esdr.

slow combustion being maintained by means of artI- ficial blast or ordinarydraught,. Theinteriordiineni sions' of the generator fora paddling "oi-heatingfurnace of ordinary size are about twenty-fohrinch'es square, and arched over with bricks fifteen or twenty hehes above the grate-bars.

When the hot-blast isused, which is to be pre- 'fcrred, the oven or stove for heating the same may beplaced'at the extreme end of the heating or puddlingfurnace, so as to be heated by the waste gases from the furnace in the manner heretofore known and used, or a separate oven may be employed.

The hot-blast maybe employed both in the gasgenerator and in elfecting the GOIllbliSlllOllOf gas and pulverized fuel. For the latter, we project through the backwall'of the furnace, behind the fire-bridgeablast of hot air at say 700? or 800 Fahrenheit, which mingles'withthe oxide of carbon or other gas or mixture of gases, such, for-'examplc, as might be generated by the use. of 'wet fuel, or by steam passing through the incandescent-fuel, arising from the gasgehcrator, and produces a long gaseous flame. This .flame combines"with andijgnites the blast of pulverized fuel which enters with it. Both the gas-jet and the jet or blast of pulverizedfuelmay-he caused to enter at different parts of the furnace, as explained in our patent No. 103,695, above referred to. The pulverized fuel may enter above or below the injectionpipe for heatedair, according to the character of the flame required .upon the hearth, whet-her oxidizing or not.

In the drawing- A represents a gas-generator:

B, a puddling or heating-fui'nace;-and 0, a hot-blast oven, placed so. as to be heated by the waste gases from the furnace.

The blast mag, be made by a fan-blower, D, orothe'r air-forcing machine. The pulverized fuel may be' supplied by means'of our pulverizing and blowing apparatus, described in former patents, as mentioned in the specification of reissue No. 3,857, orby any other suit-able device for supplying pulverized" fuel to furs naces. i

The advantages gained by this part of our invention are, the maintenance of uniform heat of gzeat ducted in a. far better manner than by the methods in -burning the pulverized fuel under pressure greater intensity, and-a flame oi any character "required, either oxidizing, neutral, or reducing, and the further most important advantage of burning all of the pulverized fuel in the body of the furnace itself, so that, instead of there being a great waste of heat in the fire-box, as heretofore, all the heat is utilized for the work in the furnace, the body of the furnace being the colnbustion-chainber. The gas-generator mt y be charged at long inter.- '-vals and continuously, without interfering with the workingfof the furnace. All the Operations of melt-' ing, heating, puddling, refiniugf'a'ud' boiling in the working of iron, steel, and other metals, may be 'conuse heretofore. I

The second palt of our invention consists in producing a very intense heat, and this we produce by than ordinary atmospheric pressure.

In carrying out this part of 01p,- invention, the furname or combustion-chamber must he made strong, so as to 'resist the pressure required, This pressure will depend upon the degree of heat required, the limit of which is only restricted by the strength and fusibility of the materials used in the construction of furnaces. The highest degree of temperature will be attained when oxygen gas is-used for the blast. The blast may be heated and the combustion assisted by a gas-generator, as described in the first part of this specification.

Ve are aware that it is not' new to produce an intense heat by effecting combustion so as to keep the products of combustion under pressure. 4 The devices for accomplishing this by our invention, being substantially the same as those already known when other .kinds of fuelare used, need not be further described.

Having thus described our invention,

That we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the'United States, is-

1. The'process herein described for producing heat, by burning together pulverized fuel and carbonaceous "andnuier gases in aidof combustion, substantially as .sct forth and described.

2. The combination of a gas-generator and of a machine for supplying pulverized fuel, with a puddling,

heating, or other furnace,as set forth. 1

3. The combination of pulverized fuel, gaseous fuel,

and hot blast, so as to produce a flame of high temperature, and regulated as to character, as set forth. 4. The combination of a gas-generator, a machine for feeding pulverized fuel, anda hot-blast oven with a peddling or other furnace, substantially as described. 5; The process herein described, for producingheat ofgrcat intensity by-burning pulverized fuel under pressure, as set forth v JAMES D. WHELPLEY.

JACOB J. STORER.

' \Vituesses:

GHAnnns M. Nicnnxson, FRED. \V. LONGLEY. 

